Illustration of Prokaryotic Cell
Illustration of Prokaryotic CellIllustration of Prokaryotic CellIllustration of Prokaryotic Cell
Illustration of Prokaryotic Cell
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Prokaryotic Cell Structures, Functions & Diagrams - P3
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Sources & More Helpful Links on Biological Cells
  • Bauman, R. (2014) Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy 4th ed., Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
  • Becker, W. M. et. al. (2009) The World of the Cell. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.

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Internal Cell Parts  
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Genetic Material of Prokaryotes
  • Nucleoid: The nucleoid is the region of the prokaryotic cytoplasm that contains the genome—the main genetic material (DNA) of the cell. Bacteria and Archaeans typically have a single, circular chromosome.

  • Plasmids: In addition to the nucleoid (bacterial chromosome), bacteria may also contain one or more plasmids. A plasmid is a non-essential piece of DNA that confers an advantage to the bacteria, such as antibiotic resistance, virulence (the ability to cause disease) and conjugation (a bacterium’s ability to share its plasmids with other bacteria). Plasmids are also found in some eukaryotic microbes, such as yeasts.

Conjugation is a type of horizontal gene transfer that bacteria use to share plasmids with each other.
Conjugation is a type of horizontal gene transfer that bacteria use to share plasmids with each other.
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Endomembrane System of a Eukaryotic Cell, Mariana Ruiz
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Bacterial plasmid replication through cell division and integration.
Plasmid Replication
Gram Stain of  Gram-negative Bacteria Escherichia coli @1000xTM
Gram Stain of 
Gram-negative Bacteria 
Escherichia coli @1000xTM
Prokaryotic cell diagram, hand drawn on chalk board.
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